Raging Flames Engulf Maui's Lahaina: A Battle Against Nature's Wrath



A wildfire devastated Lahaina, Maui, aided by strong winds and dry weather. Hundreds of structures were damaged, with ongoing search and rescue operations. NASA’s Earth Applied Sciences Disasters program is providing support.

A fast-moving wildfire has devastated the historic town of Lahaina on Maui, Hawaii’s second-largest island.

Image Composition and Analysis

The image above shows the signature of the fire at 10:25 p.m. local time on August 8, 2023, as observed by the Operational Land Imager (OLI) on the Landsat 8 satellite. Much of Lahaina, a town with a resident population of nearly 13,000 people, appeared to be on fire at the time of the image. Another large fire burned northwest of Kihei.

The image was composed from OLI observations of shortwave infrared light (band 6). Infrared observations are useful for distinguishing the locations of active fires, shown here in yellow. The shortwave infrared data were overlaid on a natural-color mosaic image based on Landsat 8 observations for added geographic detail.

Weather Conditions Contributing to the Fires

The fires occurred during a period of strong winds and dry conditions in Maui. Between August 7-9, 2023, the island experienced peak gusts that ranged from 45 to 67 miles (72 to 107 kilometers) per hour, according to the National Weather Service. The presence of a strong high-pressure area to north of the island and Hurricane Dora to the south may have helped fuel the winds. An analysis by the U.S. Drought Monitor shows that the southwestern part of the island was in the midst of moderate to severe drought at the time of the fires.

analysis by the U.S. Drought Monitor


Damage Reports and Rescue Operations

Maui County has reported damage to hundreds of structures, with widespread damage in the Lahaina harbor area. On August 9, authorities were continuing to conduct search and rescue operations.

NASA’s Support for the Incident

NASA’s Earth Applied Sciences Disasters program area has been activated in support of the fires in Hawaii. As new information becomes available, the team will be posting maps and data products on its open-access mapping portal.

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